资料来源 : pyDict

粗糙的东西,毛坯,未加工品,梗概,草图,暴徒,艰难粗糙的,粗暴的,蓬乱的

资料来源 : Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)

Rough \Rough\, a. [Compar. {Rougher}; superl. {Roughest}.] [OE.
   rou?, rou, row, rugh, ruh, AS. r?h; akin to LG. rug, D. rug,
   D. ruig, ruw, OHG. r?h, G. rauh, rauch; cf. Lith. raukas
   wrinkle, rukti to wrinkle. [root] 18. Cf. {Rug}, n.]
   1. Having inequalities, small ridges, or points, on the
      surface; not smooth or plain; as, a rough board; a rough
      stone; rough cloth. Specifically:
      (a) Not level; having a broken surface; uneven; -- said of
          a piece of land, or of a road. ``Rough, uneven ways.''
          --Shak.
      (b) Not polished; uncut; -- said of a gem; as, a rough
          diamond.
      (c) Tossed in waves; boisterous; high; -- said of a sea or
          other piece of water.

                More unequal than the roughest sea. --T. Burnet.
      (d) Marked by coarseness; shaggy; ragged; disordered; --
          said of dress, appearance, or the like; as, a rough
          coat. ``A visage rough.'' --Dryden. ``Roughsatyrs.''
          --Milton.

   2. Hence, figuratively, lacking refinement, gentleness, or
      polish. Specifically:
      (a) Not courteous or kind; harsh; rude; uncivil; as, a
          rough temper.

                A fiend, a fury, pitiless and rough. --Shak.

                A surly boatman, rough as wayes or winds.
                                                  --Prior.
      (b) Marked by severity or violence; harsh; hard; as, rough
          measures or actions.

                On the rough edge of battle.      --Milton.

                A quicker and rougher remedy.     --Clarendon.

                Kind words prevent a good deal of that
                perverseness which rough and imperious usage
                often produces.                   --Locke.
      (c) Loud and hoarse; offensive to the ear; harsh; grating;
          -- said of sound, voice, and the like; as, a rough
          tone; rough numbers. --Pope.
      (d) Austere; harsh to the taste; as, rough wine.
      (e) Tempestuous; boisterous; stormy; as, rough weather; a
          rough day.

                He stayeth his rough wind.        --Isa. xxvii.
                                                  8.

                Time and the hour runs through the roughest day.
                                                  --Shak.
      (f) Hastily or carelessly done; wanting finish;
          incomplete; as, a rough estimate; a rough draught.

   {Rough diamond}, an uncut diamond; hence, colloquially, a
      person of intrinsic worth under a rude exterior.

Rough \Rough\, n.
   1. Boisterous weather. [Obs.] --Fletcher.

   2. A rude fellow; a coarse bully; a rowdy.

   {In the rough}, in an unwrought or rude condition;
      unpolished; as, a diamond or a sketch in the rough.

            Contemplating the people in the rough. --Mrs.
                                                  Browning.

Rough \Rough\, adv.
   In a rough manner; rudely; roughly.

         Sleeping rough on the trenches, and dying stubbornly in
         their boats.                             --Sir W.
                                                  Scott.

Rough \Rough\, v. t.
   1. To render rough; to roughen.

   2. To break in, as a horse, especially for military purposes.
      --Crabb.

   3. To cut or make in a hasty, rough manner; -- with out; as,
      to rough out a carving, a sketch.

   {Roughing rolls}, rolls for reducing, in a rough manner, a
      bloom of iron to bars.

   {To rough it}, to endure hard conditions of living; to live
      without ordinary comforts.

资料来源 : WordNet®

rough
     adj 1: having or caused by an irregular surface; "trees with rough
            bark"; "rough ground"; "a rough ride"; "rough skin";
            "rough blankets"; "his unsmooth face"; "unsmooth
            writing" [syn: {unsmooth}] [ant: {smooth}]
     2: (of persons or behavior) lacking refinement or finesse; "she
        was a diamond in the rough"; "rough manners"
     3: not quite exact or correct; "the approximate time was 10
        o'clock"; "a rough guess"; "a ballpark estimate" [syn: {approximate},
         {approximative}]
     4: full of hardship or trials; "the rocky road to success";
        "they were having a rough time" [syn: {rocky}]
     5: violently agitated and turbulent; "boisterous winds and
        waves"; "the fierce thunders roar me their music"- Ezra
        Pound; "rough weather"; "rough seas" [syn: {boisterous}, {fierce}]
     6: unpleasantly harsh or grating in sound; "a gravelly voice"
        [syn: {grating}, {gravel}, {gravelly}, {rasping}, {raspy}]
     7: ready and able to resort to force or violence; "pugnacious
        spirits...lamented that there was so little prospect of an
        exhilarating disturbance"- Herman Melville; "they were
        rough and determined fighting men" [syn: {pugnacious}]
     8: of the margin of a leaf shape; having the edge cut or
        fringed or scalloped [ant: {smooth}]
     9: not shaped by cutting or trimming; "an uncut diamond";
        "rough gemstones" [syn: {uncut}] [ant: {cut}]
     10: not carefully or expertly made; "managed to make a crude
         splint"; "a crude cabin of logs with bark still on them";
         "rough carpentry" [syn: {crude}]
     11: not perfected; "a rough draft"; "a few rough sketches"
     12: unpleasantly stern; "wild and harsh country full of hot sand
         and cactus"; "the nomad life is rough and hazardous"
         [syn: {harsh}]

rough
     adv 1: with roughness or violence (`rough' is an informal variant
            for `roughly'); "he was pushed roughly aside"; "they
            treated him rough" [syn: {roughly}]
     2: with rough motion as over a rough surface; "ride rough"
        [syn: {roughly}]

rough
     n : the part of a golf course bordering the fairway where the
         grass is not cut short

rough
     v : prepare in preliminary or sketchy form [syn: {rough in}, {rough
         out}]