资料来源 : Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)

Surveying \Sur*vey"ing\, n.
   That branch of applied mathematics which teaches the art of
   determining the area of any portion of the earth's surface,
   the length and directions of the bounding lines, the contour
   of the surface, etc., with an accurate delineation of the
   whole on paper; the act or occupation of making surveys.

   {Geodetic surveying}, geodesy.

   {Maritime}, or {Nautical}, {surveying}, that branch of
      surveying which determines the forms of coasts and
      harbors, the entrances of rivers, with the position of
      islands, rocks, and shoals, the depth of water, etc.

   {Plane surveying}. See under {Plane}, a.

   {Topographical surveying}, that branch of surveying which
      involves the process of ascertaining and representing upon
      a plane surface the contour, physical features, etc., of
      any portion of the surface of the earth.