资料来源 : Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)

Dog \Dog\ (d[o^]g), n. [AS. docga; akin to D. dog mastiff, Dan.
   dogge, Sw. dogg.]
   1. (Zo["o]l.) A quadruped of the genus {Canis}, esp. the
      domestic dog ({C. familiaris}).

   Note: The dog is distinguished above all others of the
         inferior animals for intelligence, docility, and
         attachment to man. There are numerous carefully bred
         varieties, as the beagle, bloodhound, bulldog,
         coachdog, collie, Danish dog, foxhound, greyhound,
         mastiff, pointer, poodle, St. Bernard, setter, spaniel,
         spitz dog, terrier, etc. There are also many mixed
         breeds, and partially domesticated varieties, as well
         as wild dogs, like the dingo and dhole. (See these
         names in the Vocabulary.)

   2. A mean, worthless fellow; a wretch.

            What is thy servant, which is but a dog, that he
            should do this great thing?           -- 2 Kings
                                                  viii. 13 (Rev.
                                                  Ver. )

   3. A fellow; -- used humorously or contemptuously; as, a sly
      dog; a lazy dog. [Colloq.]

   4. (Astron.) One of the two constellations, Canis Major and
      Canis Minor, or the Greater Dog and the Lesser Dog. Canis
      Major contains the Dog Star (Sirius).

   5. An iron for holding wood in a fireplace; a firedog; an
      andiron.

   6. (Mech.)
      (a) A grappling iron, with a claw or claws, for fastening
          into wood or other heavy articles, for the purpose of
          raising or moving them.
      (b) An iron with fangs fastening a log in a saw pit, or on
          the carriage of a sawmill.
      (c) A piece in machinery acting as a catch or clutch;
          especially, the carrier of a lathe, also, an
          adjustable stop to change motion, as in a machine
          tool.

   Note: Dog is used adjectively or in composition, commonly in
         the sense of relating to, or characteristic of, a dog.
         It is also used to denote a male; as, dog fox or g-fox,
         a male fox; dog otter or dog-otter, dog wolf, etc.; --
         also to denote a thing of cheap or mean quality; as,
         dog Latin.

   {A dead dog}, a thing of no use or value. --1 Sam. xxiv. 14.

   {A dog in the manger}, an ugly-natured person who prevents
      others from enjoying what would be an advantage to them
      but is none to him.

   {Dog ape} (Zo["o]l.), a male ape.

   {Dog cabbage}, or {Dog's cabbage} (Bot.), a succulent herb,
      native to the Mediterranean region ({Thelygonum
      Cynocrambe}).

   {Dog cheap}, very cheap. See under {Cheap}.

   {Dog ear} (Arch.), an acroterium. [Colloq.]

   {Dog flea} (Zo["o]l.), a species of flea ({Pulex canis})
      which infests dogs and cats, and is often troublesome to
      man. In America it is the common flea. See {Flea}, and
      {Aphaniptera}.

   {Dog grass} (Bot.), a grass ({Triticum caninum}) of the same
      genus as wheat.

   {Dog Latin}, barbarous Latin; as, the dog Latin of pharmacy.
      

   {Dog lichen} (Bot.), a kind of lichen ({Peltigera canina})
      growing on earth, rocks, and tree trunks, -- a lobed
      expansion, dingy green above and whitish with fuscous
      veins beneath.

   {Dog louse} (Zo["o]l.), a louse that infests the dog, esp.
      {H[ae]matopinus piliferus}; another species is
      {Trichodectes latus}.

   {Dog power}, a machine operated by the weight of a dog
      traveling in a drum, or on an endless track, as for
      churning.

   {Dog salmon} (Zo["o]l.), a salmon of northwest America and
      northern Asia; -- the {gorbuscha}; -- called also {holia},
      and {hone}.

   {Dog shark}. (Zo["o]l.) See {Dogfish}.

   {Dog's meat}, meat fit only for dogs; refuse; offal.

   {Dog Star}. See in the Vocabulary.

   {Dog wheat} (Bot.), Dog grass.

   {Dog whelk} (Zo["o]l.), any species of univalve shells of the
      family {Nassid[ae]}, esp. the {Nassa reticulata} of
      England.

   {To give, or throw}, {to the dogs}, to throw away as useless.
      ``Throw physic to the dogs; I'll none of it.'' --Shak.

   {To go to the dogs}, to go to ruin; to be ruined.