资料来源 : Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)

Specific \Spe*cif"ic\, a. [F. sp['e]cifique, or NL. cpesificus;
   L. species a particular sort or kind + facere to make. Cf.
   {Specify}.]
   1. Of or pertaining to a species; characterizing or
      constituting a species; possessing the peculiar property
      or properties of a thing which constitute its species, and
      distinguish it from other things; as, the specific form of
      an animal or a plant; the specific qualities of a drug;
      the specific distinction between virtue and vice.

            Specific difference is that primary attribute which
            distinguishes each species from one another. --I.
                                                  Watts.

   2. Specifying; definite, or making definite; limited;
      precise; discriminating; as, a specific statement.

   3. (Med.) Exerting a peculiar influence over any part of the
      body; preventing or curing disease by a peculiar adaption,
      and not on general principles; as, quinine is a specific
      medicine in cases of malaria.

            In fact, all medicines will be found specific in the
            perfection of the science.            --Coleridge.

   {Specific character} (Nat. Hist.), a characteristic or
      characteristics distinguishing one species from every
      other species of the same genus.

   {Specific disease} (Med.)
      (a) A disease which produces a determinate definite effect
          upon the blood and tissues or upon some special
          tissue.
      (b) A disease which is itself uniformly produced by a
          definite and peculiar poison or organism.

   {Specific duty}. (Com.) See under {Duty}.

   {Specific gravity}. (Physics) See under {Gravity}.

   {Specific heat} (Physics), the quantity of heat required to
      raise temperature of a body one degree, taking as the unit
      of measure the quantity required to raise the same weight
      of water from zero to one degree; thus, the specific heat
      of mercury is 0.033, that of water being 1.000.

   {Specific inductive capacity} (Physics), the effect of a
      dielectric body in producing static electric induction as
      compared with that of some other body or bodies referred
      to as a standard.

   {Specific legacy} (Law), a bequest of a particular thing, as
      of a particular animal or piece of furniture, specified
      and distinguished from all others. --Wharton. --Burrill.

   {Specific name} (Nat., Hist.), the name which, appended to
      the name of the genus, constitutes the distinctive name of
      the species; -- originally applied by Linn[ae]us to the
      essential character of the species, or the essential
      difference. The present specific name he at first called
      the {trivial name}.

   {Specific performance} (Law), the peformance of a contract or
      agreement as decreed by a court of equity.



   3. Importance, significance, dignity, etc; hence,
      seriousness; enormity; as, the gravity of an offense.

            They derive an importance from . . . the gravity of
            the place where they were uttered.    --Burke.

   4. (Physics) The tendency of a mass of matter toward a center
      of attraction; esp., the tendency of a body toward the
      center of the earth; terrestrial gravitation.

   5. (Mus.) Lowness of tone; -- opposed to acuteness.

   {Center of gravity} See under {Center}.

   {Gravity battery}, See {Battery}, n., 4.

   {Specific gravity}, the ratio of the weight of a body to the
      weight of an equal volume of some other body taken as the
      standard or unit. This standard is usually water for
      solids and liquids, and air for gases. Thus, 19, the
      specific gravity of gold, expresses the fact that, bulk
      for bulk, gold is nineteen times as heavy as water.

资料来源 : WordNet®

specific gravity
     n : the density of a substance relative to the density of water