资料来源 : Free On-Line Dictionary of Computing

priority scheduling
     
         {Processes scheduling} in which the
        {scheduler} selects tasks to run based on their priority as
        opposed to, say, a simple {round-robin}.
     
        Priorities may be static or dynamic.  Static priorities are
        assigned at the time of creation, while dynamic priorities are
        based on the processes' behaviour while in the system.  For
        example, the scheduler may favour {I/O}-intensive tasks so
        that expensive requests can be issued as early as possible.
     
        A danger of priority scheduling is {starvation}, in which
        processes with lower priorities are not given the opportunity
        to run.  In order to avoid starvation, in preemptive
        scheduling, the priority of a process is gradually reduced
        while it is running.  Eventually, the priority of the running
        process will no longer be the highest, and the next process
        will start running.  This method is called {aging}.