资料来源 : Free On-Line Dictionary of Computing

addressing mode
     
        1.  One of a set of methods for
        specifying the {operand}(s) for a {machine code} instruction.
        Different processors vary greatly in the number of addressing
        modes they provide.  The more complex modes described below
        can usually be replaced with a short sequence of instructions
        using only simpler modes.
     
        The most common modes are "register" - the operand is stored
        in a specified {register}; "absolute" - the operand is stored
        at a specified memory address; and "{immediate}" - the operand
        is contained within the instruction.
     
        Most processors also have {indirect addressing} modes, e.g.
        "register indirect", "memory indirect" where the specified
        register or memory location does not contain the operand but
        contains its address, known as the "{effective address}".  For
        an absolute addressing mode, the effective address is
        contained within the instruction.
     
        Indirect addressing modes often have options for pre- or post-
        increment or decrement, meaning that the register or memory
        location containing the {effective address} is incremented or
        decremented by some amount (either fixed or also specified in
        the instruction), either before or after the instruction is
        executed.  These are very useful for {stack}s and for
        accessing blocks of data.  Other variations form the effective
        address by adding together one or more registers and one or
        more constants which may themselves be direct or indirect.
        Such complex addressing modes are designed to support access
        to multidimensional arrays and arrays of data structures.
     
        The addressing mode may be "implicit" - the location of the
        operand is obvious from the particular instruction.  This
        would be the case for an instruction that modified a
        particular control register in the CPU or, in a {stack} based
        processor where operands are always on the top of the stack.
     
        2. In {IBM} {System 370}/{XA} the addressing mode bit controls
        the size of the {effective address} generated.  When this bit
        is zero, the CPU is in the 24-bit addressing mode, and 24 bit
        instruction and operand effective addresses are generated.
        When this bit is one, the CPU is in the 31-bit addressing
        mode, and 31-bit instruction and operand effective addresses
        are generated.
     
        ["IBM System/370 Extended Architecture Principles of
        Operation", Chapter 5., 'Address Generation', BiModal
        Addressing].
     
        (1995-03-30)