资料来源 : Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)

Take \Take\, v. t. [imp. {Took}; p. p. {Takend}; p. pr. & vb. n.
   {Taking}.] [Icel. taka; akin to Sw. taga, Dan. tage, Goth.
   t[=e]kan to touch; of uncertain origin.]
   1. In an active sense; To lay hold of; to seize with the
      hands, or otherwise; to grasp; to get into one's hold or
      possession; to procure; to seize and carry away; to
      convey. Hence, specifically:
      (a) To obtain possession of by force or artifice; to get
          the custody or control of; to reduce into subjection
          to one's power or will; to capture; to seize; to make
          prisoner; as, to take am army, a city, or a ship;
          also, to come upon or befall; to fasten on; to attack;
          to seize; -- said of a disease, misfortune, or the
          like.

                This man was taken of the Jews.   --Acts xxiii.
                                                  27.

                Men in their loose, unguarded hours they take;
                Not that themselves are wise, but others weak.
                                                  --Pope.

                They that come abroad after these showers are
                commonly taken with sickness.     --Bacon.

                There he blasts the tree and takes the cattle
                And makes milch kine yield blood. --Shak.
      (b) To gain or secure the interest or affection of; to
          captivate; to engage; to interest; to charm.

                Neither let her take thee with her eyelids.
                                                  --Prov. vi.
                                                  25.

                Cleombroutus was so taken with this prospect,
                that he had no patience.          --Wake.

                I know not why, but there was a something in
                those half-seen features, -- a charm in the very
                shadow that hung over their imagined beauty, --
                which took me more than all the outshining
                loveliness of her companions.     --Moore.
      (c) To make selection of; to choose; also, to turn to; to
          have recourse to; as, to take the road to the right.

                Saul said, Cast lots between me and Jonathan my
                son. And Jonathan was taken.      --1 Sam. xiv.
                                                  42.

                The violence of storming is the course which God
                is forced to take for the destroying . . . of
                sinners.                          --Hammond.
      (d) To employ; to use; to occupy; hence, to demand; to
          require; as, it takes so much cloth to make a coat.

                This man always takes time . . . before he
                passes his judgments.             --I. Watts.
      (e) To form a likeness of; to copy; to delineate; to
          picture; as, to take picture of a person.

                Beauty alone could beauty take so right.
                                                  --Dryden.
      (f) To draw; to deduce; to derive. [R.]

                The firm belief of a future judgment is the most
                forcible motive to a good life, because taken
                from this consideration of the most lasting
                happiness and misery.             --Tillotson.
      (g) To assume; to adopt; to acquire, as shape; to permit
          to one's self; to indulge or engage in; to yield to;
          to have or feel; to enjoy or experience, as rest,
          revenge, delight, shame; to form and adopt, as a
          resolution; -- used in general senses, limited by a
          following complement, in many idiomatic phrases; as,
          to take a resolution; I take the liberty to say.
      (h) To lead; to conduct; as, to take a child to church.
      (i) To carry; to convey; to deliver to another; to hand
          over; as, he took the book to the bindery.

                He took me certain gold, I wot it well.
                                                  --Chaucer.
      (k) To remove; to withdraw; to deduct; -- with from; as,
          to take the breath from one; to take two from four.

   2. In a somewhat passive sense, to receive; to bear; to
      endure; to acknowledge; to accept. Specifically:
      (a) To accept, as something offered; to receive; not to
          refuse or reject; to admit.

                Ye shall take no satisfaction for the life of a
                murderer.                         --Num. xxxv.
                                                  31.

                Let not a widow be taken into the number under
                threescore.                       --1 Tim. v.
                                                  10.
      (b) To receive as something to be eaten or dronk; to
          partake of; to swallow; as, to take food or wine.
      (c) Not to refuse or balk at; to undertake readily; to
          clear; as, to take a hedge or fence.
      (d) To bear without ill humor or resentment; to submit to;
          to tolerate; to endure; as, to take a joke; he will
          take an affront from no man.
      (e) To admit, as, something presented to the mind; not to
          dispute; to allow; to accept; to receive in thought;
          to entertain in opinion; to understand; to interpret;
          to regard or look upon; to consider; to suppose; as,
          to take a thing for granted; this I take to be man's
          motive; to take men for spies.

                You take me right.                --Bacon.

                Charity, taken in its largest extent, is nothing
                else but the science love of God and our
                neighbor.                         --Wake.

                [He] took that for virtue and affection which
                was nothing but vice in a disguise. --South.

                You'd doubt his sex, and take him for a girl.
                                                  --Tate.
      (f) To accept the word or offer of; to receive and accept;
          to bear; to submit to; to enter into agreement with;
          -- used in general senses; as, to take a form or
          shape.

                I take thee at thy word.          --Rowe.

                Yet thy moist clay is pliant to command; . . .
                Not take the mold.                --Dryden.

   {To be taken aback}, {To take advantage of}, {To take air},
      etc. See under {Aback}, {Advantage}, etc.

   {To take aim}, to direct the eye or weapon; to aim.

   {To take along}, to carry, lead, or convey.

   {To take arms}, to commence war or hostilities.

   {To take away}, to carry off; to remove; to cause deprivation
      of; to do away with; as, a bill for taking away the votes
      of bishops. ``By your own law, I take your life away.''
      --Dryden.

   {To take breath}, to stop, as from labor, in order to breathe
      or rest; to recruit or refresh one's self.

   {To take care}, to exercise care or vigilance; to be
      solicitous. ``Doth God take care for oxen?'' --1 Cor. ix.
      9.

   {To take care of}, to have the charge or care of; to care
      for; to superintend or oversee.

   {To take down}.
      (a) To reduce; to bring down, as from a high, or higher,
          place; as, to take down a book; hence, to bring lower;
          to depress; to abase or humble; as, to take down
          pride, or the proud. ``I never attempted to be
          impudent yet, that I was not taken down.''
          --Goldsmith.
      (b) To swallow; as, to take down a potion.
      (c) To pull down; to pull to pieces; as, to take down a
          house or a scaffold.
      (d) To record; to write down; as, to take down a man's
          words at the time he utters them.

   {To take effect}, {To take fire}. See under {Effect}, and
      {Fire}.

   {To take ground to the right} or {to the left} (Mil.), to
      extend the line to the right or left; to move, as troops,
      to the right or left.

   {To take heart}, to gain confidence or courage; to be
      encouraged.

   {To take heed}, to be careful or cautious. ``Take heed what
      doom against yourself you give.'' --Dryden.

   {To take heed to}, to attend with care, as, take heed to thy
      ways.

   {To take hold of}, to seize; to fix on.

   {To take horse}, to mount and ride a horse.

   {To take in}.
      (a) To inclose; to fence.
      (b) To encompass or embrace; to comprise; to comprehend.
      (c) To draw into a smaller compass; to contract; to brail
          or furl; as, to take in sail.
      (d) To cheat; to circumvent; to gull; to deceive.
          [Colloq.]
      (e) To admit; to receive; as, a leaky vessel will take in
          water.
      (f) To win by conquest. [Obs.]

                For now Troy's broad-wayed town He shall take
                in.                               --Chapman.
      (g) To receive into the mind or understanding. ``Some
          bright genius can take in a long train of
          propositions.'' --I. Watts.
      (h) To receive regularly, as a periodical work or
          newspaper; to take. [Eng.]

   {To take in hand}. See under {Hand}.

   {To take in vain}, to employ or utter as in an oath. ``Thou
      shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain.''
      --Ex. xx. 7.

   {To take issue}. See under {Issue}.

   {To take leave}. See {Leave}, n., 2.

   {To take a newspaper}, {magazine}, or the like, to receive it
      regularly, as on paying the price of subscription.

   {To take notice}, to observe, or to observe with particular
      attention.

   {To take notice of}. See under {Notice}.

   {To take oath}, to swear with solemnity, or in a judicial
      manner.

   {To take off}.
      (a) To remove, as from the surface or outside; to remove
          from the top of anything; as, to take off a load; to
          take off one's hat.
      (b) To cut off; as, to take off the head, or a limb.
      (c) To destroy; as, to take off life.
      (d) To remove; to invalidate; as, to take off the force of
          an argument.
      (e) To withdraw; to call or draw away. --Locke.
      (f) To swallow; as, to take off a glass of wine.
      (g) To purchase; to take in trade. ``The Spaniards having
          no commodities that we will take off.'' --Locke.
      (h) To copy; to reproduce. ``Take off all their models in
          wood.'' --Addison.
      (i) To imitate; to mimic; to personate.
      (k) To find place for; to dispose of; as, more scholars
          than preferments can take off. [R.] --Bacon.



   14. (Paint.)
       (a) The representation or reproduction of the effect of
           the atmospheric medium through which every object in
           nature is viewed. --New Am. Cyc.
       (b) Carriage; attitude; action; movement; as, the head of
           that portrait has a good air. --Fairholt.

   15. (Man.) The artificial motion or carriage of a horse.

   Note: Air is much used adjectively or as the first part of a
         compound term. In most cases it might be written
         indifferently, as a separate limiting word, or as the
         first element of the compound term, with or without the
         hyphen; as, air bladder, air-bladder, or airbladder;
         air cell, air-cell, or aircell; air-pump, or airpump.

   {Air balloon}. See {Balloon}.

   {Air bath}.
       (a) An apparatus for the application of air to the body.
       (b) An arrangement for drying substances in air of any
           desired temperature.

   {Air castle}. See {Castle in the air}, under {Castle}.

   {Air compressor}, a machine for compressing air to be used as
      a motive power.

   {Air crossing}, a passage for air in a mine.

   {Air cushion}, an air-tight cushion which can be inflated;
      also, a device for arresting motion without shock by
      confined air.

   {Air fountain}, a contrivance for producing a jet of water by
      the force of compressed air.

   {Air furnace}, a furnace which depends on a natural draft and
      not on blast.

   {Air line}, a straight line; a bee line. Hence

   {Air-line}, adj.; as, air-line road.

   {Air lock} (Hydr. Engin.), an intermediate chamber between
      the outer air and the compressed-air chamber of a
      pneumatic caisson. --Knight.

   {Air port} (Nav.), a scuttle or porthole in a ship to admit
      air.

   {Air spring}, a spring in which the elasticity of air is
      utilized.

   {Air thermometer}, a form of thermometer in which the
      contraction and expansion of air is made to measure
      changes of temperature.

   {Air threads}, gossamer.

   {Air trap}, a contrivance for shutting off foul air or gas
      from drains, sewers, etc.; a stench trap.

   {Air trunk}, a pipe or shaft for conducting foul or heated
      air from a room.

   {Air valve}, a valve to regulate the admission or egress of
      air; esp. a valve which opens inwardly in a steam boiler
      and allows air to enter.

   {Air way}, a passage for a current of air; as the air way of
      an air pump; an air way in a mine.

   {In the air}.
       (a) Prevalent without traceable origin or authority, as
           rumors.
       (b) Not in a fixed or stable position; unsettled.
       (c) (Mil.) Unsupported and liable to be turned or taken
           in flank; as, the army had its wing in the air.

   {To take air}, to be divulged; to be made public.

   {To take the air}, to go abroad; to walk or ride out.