资料来源 : Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)

Make \Make\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Made}; p. pr. & vb. n.
   {Making}.] [OE. maken, makien, AS. macian; akin to OS. mak?n,
   OFries. makia, D. maken, G. machen, OHG. mahh?n to join, fit,
   prepare, make, Dan. mage. Cf. {Match} an equal.]
   1. To cause to exist; to bring into being; to form; to
      produce; to frame; to fashion; to create. Hence, in
      various specific uses or applications:
      (a) To form of materials; to cause to exist in a certain
          form; to construct; to fabricate.

                He . . . fashioned it with a graving tool, after
                he had made it a molten calf.     --Ex. xxxii.
                                                  4.
      (b) To produce, as something artificial, unnatural, or
          false; -- often with up; as, to make up a story.

                And Art, with her contending, doth aspire To
                excel the natural with made delights. --Spenser.
      (c) To bring about; to bring forward; to be the cause or
          agent of; to effect, do, perform, or execute; -- often
          used with a noun to form a phrase equivalent to the
          simple verb that corresponds to such noun; as, to make
          complaint, for to complain; to make record of, for to
          record; to make abode, for to abide, etc.

                Call for Samson, that he may make us sport.
                                                  --Judg. xvi.
                                                  25.

                Wealth maketh many friends.       --Prov. xix.
                                                  4.

                I will neither plead my age nor sickness in
                excuse of the faults which I have made.
                                                  --Dryden.
      (d) To execute with the requisite formalities; as, to make
          a bill, note, will, deed, etc.
      (e) To gain, as the result of one's efforts; to get, as
          profit; to make acquisition of; to have accrue or
          happen to one; as, to make a large profit; to make an
          error; to make a loss; to make money.

                He accuseth Neptune unjustly who makes shipwreck
                a second time.                    --Bacon.
      (f) To find, as the result of calculation or computation;
          to ascertain by enumeration; to find the number or
          amount of, by reckoning, weighing, measurement, and
          the like; as, he made the distance of; to travel over;
          as, the ship makes ten knots an hour; he made the
          distance in one day.
      (h) To put a desired or desirable condition; to cause to
          thrive.

                Who makes or ruins with a smile or frown.
                                                  --Dryden.

   2. To cause to be or become; to put into a given state verb,
      or adjective; to constitute; as, to make known; to make
      public; to make fast.

            Who made thee a prince and a judge over us? --Ex.
                                                  ii. 14.

            See, I have made thee a god to Pharaoh. --Ex. vii.
                                                  1.

   Note: When used reflexively with an adjective, the reflexive
         pronoun is often omitted; as, to make merry; to make
         bold; to make free, etc.

   3. To cause to appear to be; to constitute subjectively; to
      esteem, suppose, or represent.

            He is not that goose and ass that Valla would make
            him.                                  --Baker.

   4. To require; to constrain; to compel; to force; to cause;
      to occasion; -- followed by a noun or pronoun and
      infinitive.

   Note: In the active voice the to of the infinitive is usually
         omitted.

               I will make them hear my words.    --Deut. iv.
                                                  10.

               They should be made to rise at their early hour.
                                                  --Locke.

   5. To become; to be, or to be capable of being, changed or
      fashioned into; to do the part or office of; to furnish
      the material for; as, he will make a good musician; sweet
      cider makes sour vinegar; wool makes warm clothing.

            And old cloak makes a new jerkin.     --Shak.

   6. To compose, as parts, ingredients, or materials; to
      constitute; to form; to amount to.

            The heaven, the air, the earth, and boundless sea,
            Make but one temple for the Deity.    --Waller.

   7. To be engaged or concerned in. [Obs.]

            Gomez, what makest thou here, with a whole
            brotherhood of city bailiffs?         --Dryden.

   8. To reach; to attain; to arrive at or in sight of. ``And
      make the Libyan shores.'' --Dryden.

            They that sail in the middle can make no land of
            either side.                          --Sir T.
                                                  Browne.

   {To make a bed}, to prepare a bed for being slept on, or to
      put it in order.

   {To make a card} (Card Playing), to take a trick with it.

   {To make account}. See under {Account}, n.

   {To make account of}, to esteem; to regard.

   {To make away}.
      (a) To put out of the way; to kill; to destroy. [Obs.]

                If a child were crooked or deformed in body or
                mind, they made him away.         --Burton.
      (b) To alienate; to transfer; to make over. [Obs.]
          --Waller.

   {To make believe}, to pretend; to feign; to simulate.

   {To make bold}, to take the liberty; to venture.

   {To make the cards} (Card Playing), to shuffle the pack.

   {To make choice of}, to take by way of preference; to choose.
      

   {To make danger}, to make experiment. [Obs.] --Beau. & Fl.

   {To make default} (Law), to fail to appear or answer.

   {To make the doors}, to shut the door. [Obs.]

            Make the doors upon a woman's wit, and it will out
            at the casement.                      --Shak.
      

   {To make free with}. See under {Free}, a.

   {To make good}. See under {Good}.

   {To make head}, to make headway.

   {To make light of}. See under {Light}, a.

   {To make little of}.
      (a) To belittle.
      (b) To accomplish easily.

   {To make love to}. See under {Love}, n.

   {To make meat}, to cure meat in the open air. [Colloq.
      Western U. S.]

   {To make merry}, to feast; to be joyful or jovial.

   {To make much of}, to treat with much consideration,,
      attention, or fondness; to value highly.

   {To make no bones}. See under {Bone}, n.

   {To make no difference}, to have no weight or influence; to
      be a matter of indifference.

   {To make no doubt}, to have no doubt.

   {To make no matter}, to have no weight or importance; to make
      no difference.

   {To make oath} (Law), to swear, as to the truth of something,
      in a prescribed form of law.

   {To make of}.
      (a) To understand or think concerning; as, not to know
          what to make of the news.
      (b) To pay attention to; to cherish; to esteem; to
          account. ``Makes she no more of me than of a slave.''
          --Dryden.

   {To make one's law} (Old Law), to adduce proof to clear one's
      self of a charge.

   {To make out}.
      (a) To find out; to discover; to decipher; as, to make out
          the meaning of a letter.
      (b) To prove; to establish; as, the plaintiff was unable
          to make out his case.
      (c) To make complete or exact; as, he was not able to make
          out the money.

   {To make over}, to transfer the title of; to convey; to
      alienate; as, he made over his estate in trust or in fee.
      

   {To make sail}. (Naut.)
      (a) To increase the quantity of sail already extended.
      (b) To set sail.

   {To make shift}, to manage by expedients; as, they made shift
      to do without it. [Colloq.].

   {To make sternway}, to move with the stern foremost; to go or
      drift backward.

   {To make strange}, to act in an unfriendly manner or as if
      surprised; to treat as strange; as, to make strange of a
      request or suggestion.

   {To make suit to}, to endeavor to gain the favor of; to
      court.

   {To make sure}. See under {Sure}.

   {To make up}.
      (a) To collect into a sum or mass; as, to make up the
          amount of rent; to make up a bundle or package.
      (b) To reconcile; to compose; as, to make up a difference
          or quarrel.
      (c) To supply what is wanting in; to complete; as, a
          dollar is wanted to make up the stipulated sum.
      (d) To compose, as from ingredients or parts; to shape,
          prepare, or fabricate; as, to make up a mass into
          pills; to make up a story.

                He was all made up of love and charms!
                                                  --Addison.
      (e) To compensate; to make good; as, to make up a loss.
      (f) To adjust, or to arrange for settlement; as, to make
          up accounts.
      (g) To dress and paint for a part, as an actor; as, he was
          well made up.

   {To make up a face}, to distort the face as an expression of
      pain or derision.

   {To make up one's mind}, to reach a mental determination; to
      resolve.

   {To make water}.
      (a) (Naut.) To leak.
      (b) To urinate.

   {To make way}, or {To make one's way}.
      (a) To make progress; to advance.
      (b) To open a passage; to clear the way.

   {To make words}, to multiply words.

Water \Wa"ter\ (w[add]"t[~e]r), n. [AS. w[ae]ter; akin to OS.
   watar, OFries. wetir, weter, LG. & D. water, G. wasser, OHG.
   wazzar, Icel. vatn, Sw. vatten, Dan. vand, Goth. wat[=o], O.
   Slav. & Russ. voda, Gr. 'y`dwr, Skr. udan water, ud to wet,
   and perhaps to L. unda wave. [root]137. Cf. {Dropsy},
   {Hydra}, {Otter}, {Wet}, {Whisky}.]
   1. The fluid which descends from the clouds in rain, and
      which forms rivers, lakes, seas, etc. ``We will drink
      water.'' --Shak. ``Powers of fire, air, water, and
      earth.'' --Milton.

   Note: Pure water consists of hydrogen and oxygen, {H2O}, and
         is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, transparent
         liquid, which is very slightly compressible. At its
         maximum density, 39[deg] Fahr. or 4[deg] C., it is the
         standard for specific gravities, one cubic centimeter
         weighing one gram. It freezes at 32[deg] Fahr. or
         0[deg] C. and boils at 212[deg] Fahr. or 100[deg] C.
         (see {Ice}, {Steam}). It is the most important natural
         solvent, and is frequently impregnated with foreign
         matter which is mostly removed by distillation; hence,
         rain water is nearly pure. It is an important
         ingredient in the tissue of animals and plants, the
         human body containing about two thirds its weight of
         water.

   2. A body of water, standing or flowing; a lake, river, or
      other collection of water.

            Remembering he had passed over a small water a poor
            scholar when first coming to the university, he
            kneeled.                              --Fuller.

   3. Any liquid secretion, humor, or the like, resembling
      water; esp., the urine.

   4. (Pharm.) A solution in water of a gaseous or readily
      volatile substance; as, ammonia water. --U. S. Pharm.

   5. The limpidity and luster of a precious stone, especially a
      diamond; as, a diamond of the first water, that is,
      perfectly pure and transparent. Hence, of the first water,
      that is, of the first excellence.

   6. A wavy, lustrous pattern or decoration such as is imparted
      to linen, silk, metals, etc. See {Water}, v. t., 3,
      {Damask}, v. t., and {Damaskeen}.

   7. An addition to the shares representing the capital of a
      stock company so that the aggregate par value of the
      shares is increased while their value for investment is
      diminished, or ``diluted.'' [Brokers' Cant]

   Note: Water is often used adjectively and in the formation of
         many self-explaining compounds; as, water drainage;
         water gauge, or water-gauge; waterfowl, water-fowl, or
         water fowl; water-beaten; water-borne, water-circled,
         water-girdled, water-rocked, etc.

   {Hard water}. See under {Hard}.

   {Inch of water}, a unit of measure of quantity of water,
      being the quantity which will flow through an orifice one
      inch square, or a circular orifice one inch in diameter,
      in a vertical surface, under a stated constant head; also
      called {miner's inch}, and {water inch}. The shape of the
      orifice and the head vary in different localities. In the
      Western United States, for hydraulic mining, the standard
      aperture is square and the head from 4 to 9 inches above
      its center. In Europe, for experimental hydraulics, the
      orifice is usually round and the head from 1/2 of an inch
      to 1 inch above its top.

   {Mineral water}, waters which are so impregnated with foreign
      ingredients, such as gaseous, sulphureous, and saline
      substances, as to give them medicinal properties, or a
      particular flavor or temperature.

   {Soft water}, water not impregnated with lime or mineral
      salts.

   {To hold water}. See under {Hold}, v. t.

   {To keep one's head above water}, to keep afloat; fig., to
      avoid failure or sinking in the struggles of life.
      [Colloq.]

   {To make water}.
      (a) To pass urine. --Swift.
      (b) (Naut.) To admit water; to leak.

   {Water of crystallization} (Chem.), the water combined with
      many salts in their crystalline form. This water is
      loosely, but, nevertheless, chemically, combined, for it
      is held in fixed and definite amount for each substance
      containing it. Thus, while pure copper sulphate, {CuSO4},
      is a white amorphous substance, blue vitriol, the
      crystallized form, {CuSO4.5H2O}, contains five molecules
      of water of crystallization.

   {Water on the brain} (Med.), hydrocephalus.

   {Water on the chest} (Med.), hydrothorax.

   Note: Other phrases, in which water occurs as the first
         element, will be found in alphabetical order in the
         Vocabulary.