资料来源 : Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)

Over \O"ver\, adv.
   1. From one side to another; from side to side; across;
      crosswise; as, a board, or a tree, a foot over, i. e., a
      foot in diameter.

   2. From one person or place to another regarded as on the
      opposite side of a space or barrier; -- used with verbs of
      motion; as, to sail over to England; to hand over the
      money; to go over to the enemy. ``We will pass over to
      Gibeah.'' --Judges xix. 12. Also, with verbs of being: At,
      or on, the opposite side; as, the boat is over.

   3. From beginning to end; throughout the course, extent, or
      expanse of anything; as, to look over accounts, or a stock
      of goods; a dress covered over with jewels.

   4. From inside to outside, above or across the brim.

            Good measure, pressed down . . . and running over.
                                                  --Luke vi. 38.

   5. Beyond a limit; hence, in excessive degree or quantity;
      superfluously; with repetition; as, to do the whole work
      over. ``So over violent.'' --Dryden.

            He that gathered much had nothing over. --Ex. xvi.
                                                  18.

   6. In a manner to bring the under side to or towards the top;
      as, to turn (one's self) over; to roll a stone over; to
      turn over the leaves; to tip over a cart.

   7. At an end; beyond the limit of continuance; completed;
      finished. ``Their distress was over.'' --Macaulay. ``The
      feast was over.'' --Sir W. Scott.

   Note: Over, out, off, and similar adverbs, are often used in
         the predicate with the sense and force of adjectives,
         agreeing in this respect with the adverbs of place,
         here, there, everywhere, nowhere; as, the games were
         over; the play is over; the master was out; his hat is
         off.

   Note: Over is much used in composition, with the same
         significations that it has as a separate word; as in
         overcast, overflow, to cast or flow so as to spread
         over or cover; overhang, to hang above; overturn, to
         turn so as to bring the underside towards the top;
         overact, overreach, to act or reach beyond, implying
         excess or superiority.

   {All over}.
      (a) Over the whole; upon all parts; completely; as, he is
          spatterd with mud all over.
      (b) Wholly over; at an end; as, it is all over with him.
          

   {Over again}, once more; with repetition; afresh; anew.
      --Dryden.

   {Over against}, opposite; in front. --Addison.

   {Over and above}, in a manner, or degree, beyond what is
      supposed, defined, or usual; besides; in addition; as, not
      over and above well. ``He . . . gained, over and above,
      the good will of all people.'' --L' Estrange.

   {Over and over}, repeatedly; again and again.

   {To boil over}. See under {Boil}, v. i.

   {To come it over}, {To do over}, {To give over}, etc. See
      under {Come}, {Do}, {Give}, etc.

   {To throw over}, to abandon; to betray. Cf. {To throw
      overboard}, under {Overboard}.

Give \Give\ (g[i^]v), v. t. [imp. {Gave} (g[=a]v); p. p. {Given}
   (g[i^]v"'n); p. pr. & vb. n. {Giving}.] [OE. given, yiven,
   yeven, AS. gifan, giefan; akin to D. geven, OS. ge[eth]an,
   OHG. geban, G. geben, Icel. gefa, Sw. gifva, Dan. give, Goth.
   giban. Cf. {Gift}, n.]
   1. To bestow without receiving a return; to confer without
      compensation; to impart, as a possession; to grant, as
      authority or permission; to yield up or allow.

            For generous lords had rather give than pay.
                                                  --Young.

   2. To yield possesion of; to deliver over, as property, in
      exchange for something; to pay; as, we give the value of
      what we buy.

            What shall a man give in exchange for his soul ?
                                                  --Matt. xvi.
                                                  26.

   3. To yield; to furnish; to produce; to emit; as, flint and
      steel give sparks.

   4. To communicate or announce, as advice, tidings, etc.; to
      pronounce; to render or utter, as an opinion, a judgment,
      a sentence, a shout, etc.

   5. To grant power or license to; to permit; to allow; to
      license; to commission.

            It is given me once again to behold my friend.
                                                  --Rowe.

            Then give thy friend to shed the sacred wine.
                                                  --Pope.

   6. To exhibit as a product or result; to produce; to show;
      as, the number of men, divided by the number of ships,
      gives four hundred to each ship.

   7. To devote; to apply; used reflexively, to devote or apply
      one's self; as, the soldiers give themselves to plunder;
      also in this sense used very frequently in the past
      participle; as, the people are given to luxury and
      pleasure; the youth is given to study.

   8. (Logic & Math.) To set forth as a known quantity or a
      known relation, or as a premise from which to reason; --
      used principally in the passive form given.

   9. To allow or admit by way of supposition.

            I give not heaven for lost.           --Mlton.

   10. To attribute; to assign; to adjudge.

             I don't wonder at people's giving him to me as a
             lover.                               --Sheridan.

   11. To excite or cause to exist, as a sensation; as, to give
       offense; to give pleasure or pain.

   12. To pledge; as, to give one's word.

   13. To cause; to make; -- with the infinitive; as, to give
       one to understand, to know, etc.

             But there the duke was given to understand That in
             a gondola were seen together Lorenzo and his
             amorous Jessica.                     --Shak.

   {To give away}, to make over to another; to transfer.

            Whatsoever we employ in charitable uses during our
            lives, is given away from ourselves.  --Atterbury.

   {To give back}, to return; to restore. --Atterbury.

   {To give the bag}, to cheat. [Obs.]

            I fear our ears have given us the bag. --J. Webster.

   {To give birth to}.
       (a) To bear or bring forth, as a child.
       (b) To originate; to give existence to, as an enterprise,
           idea.

   {To give chase}, to pursue.

   {To give ear to}. See under {Ear}.

   {To give forth}, to give out; to publish; to tell. --Hayward.

   {To give ground}. See under {Ground}, n.

   {To give the hand}, to pledge friendship or faith.

   {To give the hand of}, to espouse; to bestow in marriage.

   {To give the head}. See under {Head}, n.

   {To give in}.
       (a) To abate; to deduct.
       (b) To declare; to make known; to announce; to tender;
           as, to give in one's adhesion to a party.

   {To give the lie to} (a person), to tell (him) that he lies.
      

   {To give line}. See under {Line}.

   {To give off}, to emit, as steam, vapor, odor, etc.

   {To give one's self away}, to make an inconsiderate surrender
      of one's cause, an unintentional disclosure of one's
      purposes, or the like. [Colloq.]

   {To give out}.
       (a) To utter publicly; to report; to announce or declare.

                 One that gives out himself Prince Florizel.
                                                  --Shak.

                 Give out you are of Epidamnum.   --Shak.
       (b) To send out; to emit; to distribute; as, a substance
           gives out steam or odors.

   {To give over}.
       (a) To yield completely; to quit; to abandon.
       (b) To despair of.
       (c) To addict, resign, or apply (one's self).

                 The Babylonians had given themselves over to
                 all manner of vice.              --Grew.

   {To give place}, to withdraw; to yield one's claim.

   {To give points}.
       (a) In games of skill, to equalize chances by conceding a
           certain advantage; to allow a handicap.
       (b) To give useful suggestions. [Colloq.]

   {To give rein}. See under {Rein}, n.

   {To give the sack}. Same as {To give the bag}.

   {To give and take}.
       (a) To average gains and losses.
       (b) To exchange freely, as blows, sarcasms, etc.

   {To give time}
       (Law), to accord extension or forbearance to a debtor.
             --Abbott.

   {To give the time of day}, to salute one with the compliment
      appropriate to the hour, as ``good morning.'' ``good
      evening'', etc.

   {To give tongue}, in hunter's phrase, to bark; -- said of
      dogs.

   {To give up}.
       (a) To abandon; to surrender. ``Don't give up the ship.''

                 He has . . . given up For certain drops of
                 salt, your city Rome.            --Shak.
       (b) To make public; to reveal.

                 I'll not state them By giving up their
                 characters.                      --Beau. & Fl.
       (c) (Used also reflexively.)

   {To give up the ghost}. See under {Ghost}.

   {To give one's self up}, to abandon hope; to despair; to
      surrender one's self.

   {To give way}.
       (a) To withdraw; to give place.
       (b) To yield to force or pressure; as, the scaffolding
           gave way.
       (c) (Naut.) To begin to row; or to row with increased
           energy.
       (d) (Stock Exchange). To depreciate or decline in value;
           as, railroad securities gave way two per cent.

   {To give way together}, to row in time; to keep stroke.

   Syn: To {Give}, {Confer}, {Grant}.

   Usage: To give is the generic word, embracing all the rest.
          To confer was originally used of persons in power, who
          gave permanent grants or privileges; as, to confer the
          order of knighthood; and hence it still denotes the
          giving of something which might have been withheld;
          as, to confer a favor. To grant is to give in answer
          to a petition or request, or to one who is in some way
          dependent or inferior.

Give \Give\, v. i.
   1. To give a gift or gifts.

   2. To yield to force or pressure; to relax; to become less
      rigid; as, the earth gives under the feet.

   3. To become soft or moist. [Obs.] --Bacon .

   4. To move; to recede.

            Now back he gives, then rushes on amain. --Daniel.

   5. To shed tears; to weep. [Obs.]

            Whose eyes do never give But through lust and
            laughter.                             --Shak.

   6. To have a misgiving. [Obs.]

            My mind gives ye're reserved To rob poor market
            women.                                --J. Webster.

   7. To open; to lead. [A Gallicism]

            This, yielding, gave into a grassy walk. --Tennyson.

   {To give back}, to recede; to retire; to retreat.

            They gave back and came no farther.   --Bunyan.

   {To give in}, to yield; to succumb; to acknowledge one's self
      beaten; to cease opposition.

            The Scots battalion was enforced to give in.
                                                  --Hayward.

            This consideration may induce a translator to give
            in to those general phrases.          --Pope.

   {To give off}, to cease; to forbear. [Obs.] --Locke.

   {To give}

   {on or upon}.
      (a) To rush; to fall upon. [Obs.]
      (b) To have a view of; to be in sight of; to overlook; to
          look toward; to open upon; to front; to face. [A
          Gallicism: cf. Fr. donner sur.]

                Rooms which gave upon a pillared porch.
                                                  --Tennyson.

                The gloomy staircase on which the grating gave.
                                                  --Dickens.

   {To give out}.
      (a) To expend all one's strength. Hence:
      (b) To cease from exertion; to fail; to be exhausted; as,
          my feet being to give out; the flour has given out.

   {To give over}, to cease; to discontinue; to desist.

            It would be well for all authors, if they knew when
            to give over, and to desist from any further
            pursuits after fame.                  --Addison.

   {To give up}, to cease from effort; to yield; to despair; as,
      he would never give up.