资料来源 : Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)

Up \Up\, adv. [AS. up, upp, ?p; akin to OFries. up, op, D. op,
   OS. ?p, OHG. ?f, G. auf, Icel. ? Sw. upp, Dan. op, Goth. iup,
   and probably to E. over. See {Over}.]
   1. Aloft; on high; in a direction contrary to that of
      gravity; toward or in a higher place or position; above;
      -- the opposite of {down}.

            But up or down, By center or eccentric, hard to
            tell.                                 --Milton.

   2. Hence, in many derived uses, specifically:
      (a) From a lower to a higher position, literally or
          figuratively; as, from a recumbent or sitting
          position; from the mouth, toward the source, of a
          river; from a dependent or inferior condition; from
          concealment; from younger age; from a quiet state, or
          the like; -- used with verbs of motion expressed or
          implied.

                But they presumed to go up unto the hilltop.
                                                  --Num. xiv.
                                                  44.

                I am afflicted and ready to die from my youth
                up.                               --Ps.
                                                  lxxxviii. 15.

                Up rose the sun, and up rose Emelye. --Chaucer.

                We have wrought ourselves up into this degree of
                Christian indifference.           --Atterbury.
      (b) In a higher place or position, literally or
          figuratively; in the state of having arisen; in an
          upright, or nearly upright, position; standing;
          mounted on a horse; in a condition of elevation,
          prominence, advance, proficiency, excitement,
          insurrection, or the like; -- used with verbs of rest,
          situation, condition, and the like; as, to be up on a
          hill; the lid of the box was up; prices are up.

                And when the sun was up, they were scorched.
                                                  --Matt. xiii.
                                                  6.

                Those that were up themselves kept others low.
                                                  --Spenser.

                Helen was up -- was she?          --Shak.

                Rebels there are up, And put the Englishmen unto
                the sword.                        --Shak.

                His name was up through all the adjoining
                provinces, even to Italy and Rome; many desiring
                to see who he was that could withstand so many
                years the Roman puissance.        --Milton.

                Thou hast fired me; my soul's up in arms.
                                                  --Dryden.

                Grief and passion are like floods raised in
                little brooks by a sudden rain; they are quickly
                up.                               --Dryden.

                A general whisper ran among the country people,
                that Sir Roger was up.            --Addison.

                Let us, then, be up and doing, With a heart for
                any fate.                         --Longfellow.
      (c) To or in a position of equal advance or equality; not
          short of, back of, less advanced than, away from, or
          the like; -- usually followed by to or with; as, to be
          up to the chin in water; to come up with one's
          companions; to come up with the enemy; to live up to
          engagements.

                As a boar was whetting his teeth, up comes a fox
                to him.                           --L'Estrange.
      (d) To or in a state of completion; completely; wholly;
          quite; as, in the phrases to eat up; to drink up; to
          burn up; to sum up; etc.; to shut up the eyes or the
          mouth; to sew up a rent.

   Note: Some phrases of this kind are now obsolete; as, to
         spend up (--Prov. xxi. 20); to kill up (--B. Jonson).
      (e) Aside, so as not to be in use; as, to lay up riches;
          put up your weapons.

   Note: Up is used elliptically for get up, rouse up, etc.,
         expressing a command or exhortation. ``Up, and let us
         be going.'' --Judg. xix. 28.

               Up, up, my friend! and quit your books, Or surely
               you 'll grow double.               --Wordsworth.

   {It is all up with him}, it is all over with him; he is lost.
      

   {The time is up}, the allotted time is past.

   {To be up in}, to be informed about; to be versed in.
      ``Anxious that their sons should be well up in the
      superstitions of two thousand years ago.'' --H. Spencer.

   {To be up to}.
      (a) To be equal to, or prepared for; as, he is up to the
          business, or the emergency. [Colloq.]
      (b) To be engaged in; to purpose, with the idea of doing
          ill or mischief; as, I don't know what he's up to.
          [Colloq.]

   {To blow up}.
      (a) To inflate; to distend.
      (b) To destroy by an explosion from beneath.
      (c) To explode; as, the boiler blew up.
      (d) To reprove angrily; to scold. [Slang]

   {To bring up}. See under {Bring}, v. t.

   {To come up with}. See under {Come}, v. i.

   {To cut up}. See under {Cut}, v. t. & i.

   {To draw up}. See under {Draw}, v. t.

   {To grow up}, to grow to maturity.

   {Up anchor} (Naut.), the order to man the windlass
      preparatory to hauling up the anchor.

   {Up and down}.
      (a) First up, and then down; from one state or position to
          another. See under {Down}, adv.

                Fortune . . . led him up and down. --Chaucer.
      (b) (Naut.) Vertical; perpendicular; -- said of the cable
          when the anchor is under, or nearly under, the hawse
          hole, and the cable is taut. --Totten.

   {Up helm} (Naut.), the order given to move the tiller toward
      the upper, or windward, side of a vessel.

   {Up to snuff}. See under {Snuff}. [Slang]

   {What is up?} What is going on? [Slang]

Draw \Draw\ (dr[add]), v. t. [imp. {Drew} (dr[udd]); p. p.
   {Drawn} (dr[add]n); p. pr. & vb. n. {Drawing}.] [OE.
   dra[yogh]en, drahen, draien, drawen, AS. dragan; akin to
   Icel. & Sw. draga, Dan. drage to draw, carry, and prob. to
   OS. dragan to bear, carry, D. dragen, G. tragen, Goth.
   dragan; cf. Skr. dhraj to move along, glide; and perh. akin
   to Skr. dhar to hold, bear. [root]73. Cf. 2d {Drag}, {Dray} a
   cart, 1st {Dredge}.]
   1. To cause to move continuously by force applied in advance
      of the thing moved; to pull along; to haul; to drag; to
      cause to follow.

            He cast him down to ground, and all along Drew him
            through dirt and mire without remorse. --Spenser.

            He hastened to draw the stranger into a private
            room.                                 --Sir W.
                                                  Scott.

            Do not rich men oppress you, and draw you before the
            judgment seats?                       --James ii. 6.

            The arrow is now drawn to the head.   --Atterbury.

   2. To influence to move or tend toward one's self; to
      exercise an attracting force upon; to call towards itself;
      to attract; hence, to entice; to allure; to induce.

            The poet Did feign that Orpheus drew trees, stones,
            and floods.                           --Shak.

            All eyes you draw, and with the eyes the heart.
                                                  --Dryden.

   3. To cause to come out for one's use or benefit; to extract;
      to educe; to bring forth; as:
      (a) To bring or take out, or to let out, from some
          receptacle, as a stick or post from a hole, water from
          a cask or well, etc.

                The drew out the staves of the ark. --2 Chron.
                                                  v. 9.

                Draw thee waters for the siege.   --Nahum iii.
                                                  14.

                I opened the tumor by the point of a lancet
                without drawing one drop of blood. --Wiseman.
      (b) To pull from a sheath, as a sword.

                I will draw my sword, my hand shall destroy
                them.                             --Ex. xv. 9.
      (c) To extract; to force out; to elicit; to derive.

                Spirits, by distillations, may be drawn out of
                vegetable juices, which shall flame and fume of
                themselves.                       --Cheyne.

                Until you had drawn oaths from him. --Shak.
      (d) To obtain from some cause or origin; to infer from
          evidence or reasons; to deduce from premises; to
          derive.

                We do not draw the moral lessons we might from
                history.                          --Burke.
      (e) To take or procure from a place of deposit; to call
          for and receive from a fund, or the like; as, to draw
          money from a bank.
      (f) To take from a box or wheel, as a lottery ticket; to
          receive from a lottery by the drawing out of the
          numbers for prizes or blanks; hence, to obtain by good
          fortune; to win; to gain; as, he drew a prize.
      (g) To select by the drawing of lots.

                Provided magistracies were filled by men freely
                chosen or drawn.                  --Freeman.

   4. To remove the contents of; as:
      (a) To drain by emptying; to suck dry.

                Sucking and drawing the breast dischargeth the
                milk as fast as it can generated. --Wiseman.
      (b) To extract the bowels of; to eviscerate; as, to draw a
          fowl; to hang, draw, and quarter a criminal.

                In private draw your poultry, clean your tripe.
                                                  --King.

   5. To take into the lungs; to inhale; to inspire; hence,
      also, to utter or produce by an inhalation; to heave.
      ``Where I first drew air.'' --Milton.

            Drew, or seemed to draw, a dying groan. --Dryden.

   6. To extend in length; to lengthen; to protract; to stretch;
      to extend, as a mass of metal into wire.

            How long her face is drawn!           --Shak.

            And the huge Offa's dike which he drew from the
            mouth of Wye to that of Dee.          --J. R. Green.

   7. To run, extend, or produce, as a line on any surface;
      hence, also, to form by marking; to make by an instrument
      of delineation; to produce, as a sketch, figure, or
      picture.

   8. To represent by lines drawn; to form a sketch or a picture
      of; to represent by a picture; to delineate; hence, to
      represent by words; to depict; to describe.

            A flattering painter who made it his care To draw
            men as they ought to be, not as they are.
                                                  --Goldsmith.

            Can I, untouched, the fair one's passions move, Or
            thou draw beauty and not feel its power? --Prior.

   9. To write in due form; to prepare a draught of; as, to draw
      a memorial, a deed, or bill of exchange.

            Clerk, draw a deed of gift.           --Shak.

   10. To require (so great a depth, as of water) for floating;
       -- said of a vessel; to sink so deep in (water); as, a
       ship draws ten feet of water.

   11. To withdraw. [Obs.] --Chaucer.

             Go wash thy face, and draw the action. --Shak.

   12. To trace by scent; to track; -- a hunting term.

   Note: Draw, in most of its uses, retains some shade of its
         original sense, to pull, to move forward by the
         application of force in advance, or to extend in
         length, and usually expresses an action as gradual or
         continuous, and leisurely. We pour liquid quickly, but
         we draw it in a continued stream. We force compliance
         by threats, but we draw it by gradual prevalence. We
         may write a letter with haste, but we draw a bill with
         slow caution and regard to a precise form. We draw a
         bar of metal by continued beating.

   {To draw a bow}, to bend the bow by drawing the string for
      discharging the arrow.

   {To draw a cover}, to clear a cover of the game it contains.
      

   {To draw a curtain}, to cause a curtain to slide or move,
      either closing or unclosing. ``Night draws the curtain,
      which the sun withdraws.'' --Herbert.

   {To draw a line}, to fix a limit or boundary.

   {To draw back}, to receive back, as duties on goods for
      exportation.

   {To draw breath}, to breathe. --Shak.

   {To draw cuts} or {lots}. See under {Cut}, n.

   {To draw in}.
       (a) To bring or pull in; to collect.
       (b) To entice; to inveigle.

   {To draw interest}, to produce or gain interest.

   {To draw off}, to withdraw; to abstract. --Addison.

   {To draw on}, to bring on; to occasion; to cause. ``War which
      either his negligence drew on, or his practices
      procured.'' --Hayward.

   {To draw (one) out}, to elicit cunningly the thoughts and
      feelings of another.

   {To draw out}, to stretch or extend; to protract; to spread
      out. -- ``Wilt thou draw out thine anger to all
      generations?'' --Ps. lxxxv. 5. ``Linked sweetness long
      drawn out.'' --Milton.

   {To draw over}, to cause to come over, to induce to leave one
      part or side for the opposite one.

   {To draw the longbow}, to exaggerate; to tell preposterous
      tales.

   {To draw (one)} {to or on to} (something), to move, to
      incite, to induce. ``How many actions most ridiculous hast
      thou been drawn to by thy fantasy?'' --Shak.

   {To draw up}.
       (a) To compose in due form; to draught; to form in
           writing.
       (b) To arrange in order, as a body of troops; to array.
           ``Drawn up in battle to receive the charge.''
           --Dryden.

   Syn: To {Draw}, {Drag}.

   Usage: Draw differs from drag in this, that drag implies a
          natural inaptitude for drawing, or positive
          resistance; it is applied to things pulled or hauled
          along the ground, or moved with toil or difficulty.
          Draw is applied to all bodies moved by force in
          advance, whatever may be the degree of force; it
          commonly implies that some kind of aptitude or
          provision exists for drawing. Draw is the more general
          or generic term, and drag the more specific. We say,
          the horses draw a coach or wagon, but they drag it
          through mire; yet draw is properly used in both cases.