Sultan \Sul"tan\, n. [F. sultan (cf. Sp. soldan, It. sultano, soldano), Ar. sult[=a]n sultan, dominion. Cf. {Soldan}.] A ruler, or sovereign, of a Mohammedan state; specifically, the ruler of the Turks; the Padishah, or Grand Seignior; -- officially so called. {Sultan flower}. (Bot.) See {Sweet sultan}, under {Sweet}.