资料来源 : Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)

Mineral \Min"er*al\, a.
   1. Of or pertaining to minerals; consisting of a mineral or
      of minerals; as, a mineral substance.

   2. Impregnated with minerals; as, mineral waters.

   {Mineral acids} (Chem.), inorganic acids, as sulphuric,
      nitric, phosphoric, hydrochloric, acids, etc., as
      distinguished from the {organic acids}.

   {Mineral blue}, the name usually given to azurite, when
      reduced to an impalpable powder for coloring purposes.

   {Mineral candle}, a candle made of paraffine.

   {Mineral caoutchouc}, an elastic mineral pitch, a variety of
      bitumen, resembling caoutchouc in elasticity and softness.
      See {Caoutchouc}, and {Elaterite}.

   {Mineral chameleon} (Chem.) See {Chameleon mineral}, under
      {Chameleon}.

   {Mineral charcoal}. See under {Charcoal}.

   {Mineral cotton}. See {Mineral wool} (below).

   {Mineral green}, a green carbonate of copper; malachite.

   {Mineral kingdom} (Nat. Sci.), that one of the three grand
      divisions of nature which embraces all inorganic objects,
      as distinguished from plants or animals.

   {Mineral oil}. See {Naphtha}, and {Petroleum}.

   {Mineral paint}, a pigment made chiefly of some natural
      mineral substance, as red or yellow iron ocher.

   {Mineral patch}. See {Bitumen}, and {Asphalt}.

   {Mineral right}, the right of taking minerals from land.

   {Mineral salt} (Chem.), a salt of a mineral acid.

   {Mineral tallow}, a familiar name for {hatchettite}, from its
      fatty or spermaceti-like appearance.

   {Mineral water}. See under {Water}.

   {Mineral wax}. See {Ozocerite}.

   {Mineral wool}, a fibrous wool-like material, made by blowing
      a powerful jet of air or steam through melted slag. It is
      a poor conductor of heat.

Charcoal \Char"coal`\, n. [See {Char}, v. t., to burn or to
   reduce to coal, and {Coal}.]
   1. Impure carbon prepared from vegetable or animal
      substances; esp., coal made by charring wood in a kiln,
      retort, etc., from which air is excluded. It is used for
      fuel and in various mechanical, artistic, and chemical
      processes.

   2. (Fine Arts) Finely prepared charcoal in small sticks, used
      as a drawing implement.

   {Animal charcoal}, a fine charcoal prepared by calcining
      bones in a closed vessel; -- used as a filtering agent in
      sugar refining, and as an absorbent and disinfectant.

   {Charcoal blacks}, the black pigment, consisting of burnt
      ivory, bone, cock, peach stones, and other substances.

   {Charcoal drawing} (Fine Arts), a drawing made with charcoal.
      See {Charcoal}, 2. Until within a few years this material
      has been used almost exclusively for preliminary outline,
      etc., but at present many finished drawings are made with
      it.

   {Charcoal point}, a carbon pencil prepared for use in an
      electric light apparatus.

   {Mineral charcoal}, a term applied to silky fibrous layers of
      charcoal, interlaminated in beds of ordinary bituminous
      coal; -- known to miners as mother of coal.