资料来源 : Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)

Breeding \Breed"ing\, n.
   1. The act or process of generating or bearing.

   2. The raising or improving of any kind of domestic animals;
      as, farmers should pay attention to breeding.

   3. Nurture; education; formation of manners.

            She had her breeding at my father's charge. --Shak.

   4. Deportment or behavior in the external offices and
      decorums of social life; manners; knowledge of, or
      training in, the ceremonies, or polite observances of
      society.

            Delicacy of breeding, or that polite deference and
            respect which civility obliges us either to express
            or counterfeit towards the persons with whom we
            converse.                             --Hume.

   5. Descent; pedigree; extraction. [Obs.]

            Honest gentlemen, I know not your breeding. --Shak.

   {Close breeding}, {In and in breeding}, breeding from a male
      and female from the same parentage.

   {Cross breeding}, breeding from a male and female of
      different lineage.

   {Good breeding}, politeness; genteel deportment.

   Syn: Education; instruction; nurture; training; manners. See
        {Education}.

Cross \Cross\ (kr[o^]s), a.
   1. Not parallel; lying or falling athwart; transverse;
      oblique; intersecting.

            The cross refraction of the second prism. --Sir I.
                                                  Newton.

   2. Not accordant with what is wished or expected;
      interrupting; adverse; contrary; thwarting; perverse. ``A
      cross fortune.'' --Jer. Taylor.

            The cross and unlucky issue of my design.
                                                  --Glanvill.

            The article of the resurrection seems to lie
            marvelously cross to the common experience of
            mankind.                              --South.

            We are both love's captives, but with fates so
            cross, One must be happy by the other's loss.
                                                  --Dryden.

   3. Characterized by, or in a state of, peevishness,
      fretfulness, or ill humor; as, a cross man or woman.

            He had received a cross answer from his mistress.
                                                  --Jer. Taylor.

   4. Made in an opposite direction, or an inverse relation;
      mutually inverse; interchanged; as, cross interrogatories;
      cross marriages, as when a brother and sister marry
      persons standing in the same relation to each other.

   {Cross action} (Law), an action brought by a party who is
      sued against the person who has sued him, upon the same
      subject matter, as upon the same contract. --Burrill.

   {Cross aisle} (Arch.), a transept; the lateral divisions of a
      cruciform church.

   {Cross axle}.
      (a) (Mach.) A shaft, windlass, or roller, worked by levers
          at opposite ends, as in the copperplate printing
          press.
      (b) A driving axle, with cranks set at an angle of 90[deg]
          with each other.

   {Cross bedding} (Geol.), oblique lamination of horizontal
      beds.

   {Cross bill}. See in the Vocabulary.

   {Cross bitt}. Same as {Crosspiece}.

   {Cross bond}, a form of bricklaying, in which the joints of
      one stretcher course come midway between those of the
      stretcher courses above and below, a course of headers and
      stretchers intervening. See {Bond}, n., 8.

   {Cross breed}. See in the Vocabulary.

   {Cross breeding}. See under {Breeding}.

   {Cross buttock}, a particular throw in wrestling; hence, an
      unexpected defeat or repulse. --Smollet.

   {Cross country}, across the country; not by the road. ``The
      cross-country ride.'' --Cowper.

   {Cross fertilization}, the fertilization of the female
      products of one physiological individual by the male
      products of another, -- as the fertilization of the ovules
      of one plant by pollen from another. See {Fertilization}.
      

   {Cross file}, a double convex file, used in dressing out the
      arms or crosses of fine wheels.

   {Cross fire} (Mil.), lines of fire, from two or more points
      or places, crossing each other.

   {Cross forked}. (Her.) See under {Forked}.

   {Cross frog}. See under {Frog}.

   {Cross furrow}, a furrow or trench cut across other furrows
      to receive the water running in them and conduct it to the
      side of the field.

   {Cross handle}, a handle attached transversely to the axis of
      a tool, as in the augur. --Knight.

   {Cross lode} (Mining), a vein intersecting the true or
      principal lode.

   {Cross purpose}. See {Cross-purpose}, in the Vocabulary.

   {Cross reference}, a reference made from one part of a book
      or register to another part, where the same or an allied
      subject is treated of.

   {Cross sea} (Naut.), a chopping sea, in which the waves run
      in contrary directions.

   {Cross stroke}, a line or stroke across something, as across
      the letter t.

   {Cross wind}, a side wind; an unfavorable wind.

   {Cross wires}, fine wires made to traverse the field of view
      in a telescope, and moved by a screw with a graduated
      head, used for delicate astronomical observations; spider
      lines. Fixed cross wires are also used in microscopes,
      etc.