资料来源 : Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)

Mass \Mass\, n. [OE. masse, F. masse, L. massa; akin to Gr. ? a
   barley cake, fr. ? to knead. Cf. {Macerate}.]
   1. A quantity of matter cohering together so as to make one
      body, or an aggregation of particles or things which
      collectively make one body or quantity, usually of
      considerable size; as, a mass of ore, metal, sand, or
      water.

            If it were not for these principles, the bodies of
            the earth, planets, comets, sun, and all things in
            them, would grow cold and freeze, and become
            inactive masses.                      --Sir I.
                                                  Newton.

            A deep mass of continual sea is slower stirred To
            rage.                                 --Savile.

   2. (Phar.) A medicinal substance made into a cohesive,
      homogeneous lump, of consistency suitable for making
      pills; as, blue mass.

   3. A large quantity; a sum.

            All the mass of gold that comes into Spain. --Sir W.
                                                  Raleigh.

            He had spent a huge mass of treasure. --Sir J.
                                                  Davies.

   4. Bulk; magnitude; body; size.

            This army of such mass and charge.    --Shak.

   5. The principal part; the main body.

            Night closed upon the pursuit, and aided the mass of
            the fugitives in their escape.        --Jowett
                                                  (Thucyd.).

   6. (Physics) The quantity of matter which a body contains,
      irrespective of its bulk or volume.

   Note: Mass and weight are often used, in a general way, as
         interchangeable terms, since the weight of a body is
         proportional to its mass (under the same or equal
         gravitative forces), and the mass is usually
         ascertained from the weight. Yet the two ideas, mass
         and weight, are quite distinct. Mass is the quantity of
         matter in a body; weight is the comparative force with
         which it tends towards the center of the earth. A mass
         of sugar and a mass of lead are assumed to be equal
         when they show an equal weight by balancing each other
         in the scales.

   {Blue mass}. See under {Blue}.

   {Mass center} (Geom.), the center of gravity of a triangle.
      

   {Mass copper}, native copper in a large mass.

   {Mass meeting}, a large or general assembly of people,
      usually a meeting having some relation to politics.

   {The masses}, the great body of the people, as contrasted
      with the higher classes; the populace.

Blue \Blue\, a. [Compar. {Bluer}; superl. {Bluest}.] [OE. bla,
   blo, blew, blue, Sw. bl?, D. blauw, OHG. bl?o, G. blau; but
   influenced in form by F. bleu, from OHG. bl[=a]o.]
   1. Having the color of the clear sky, or a hue resembling it,
      whether lighter or darker; as, the deep, blue sea; as blue
      as a sapphire; blue violets. ``The blue firmament.''
      --Milton.

   2. Pale, without redness or glare, -- said of a flame; hence,
      of the color of burning brimstone, betokening the presence
      of ghosts or devils; as, the candle burns blue; the air
      was blue with oaths.

   3. Low in spirits; melancholy; as, to feel blue.

   4. Suited to produce low spirits; gloomy in prospect; as,
      thongs looked blue. [Colloq.]

   5. Severe or over strict in morals; gloom; as, blue and sour
      religionists; suiting one who is over strict in morals;
      inculcating an impracticable, severe, or gloomy mortality;
      as, blue laws.

   6. Literary; -- applied to women; -- an abbreviation of
      bluestocking. [Colloq.]

            The ladies were very blue and well informed.
                                                  --Thackeray.

   {Blue asbestus}. See {Crocidolite}.

   {Blue black}, of, or having, a very dark blue color, almost
      black.

   {Blue blood}. See under {Blood}.

   {Blue buck} (Zo["o]l.), a small South African antelope
      ({Cephalophus pygm[ae]us}); also applied to a larger
      species ({[AE]goceras leucoph[ae]u}s); the blaubok.

   {Blue cod} (Zo["o]l.), the buffalo cod.

   {Blue crab} (Zo["o]l.), the common edible crab of the
      Atlantic coast of the United States ({Callinectes
      hastatus}).

   {Blue curls} (Bot.), a common plant ({Trichostema
      dichotomum}), resembling pennyroyal, and hence called also
      {bastard pennyroyal}.

   {Blue devils}, apparitions supposed to be seen by persons
      suffering with {delirium tremens}; hence, very low
      spirits. ``Can Gumbo shut the hall door upon blue devils,
      or lay them all in a red sea of claret?'' --Thackeray.

   {Blue gage}. See under {Gage}, a plum.

   {Blue gum}, an Australian myrtaceous tree ({Eucalyptus
      globulus}), of the loftiest proportions, now cultivated in
      tropical and warm temperate regions for its timber, and as
      a protection against malaria. The essential oil is
      beginning to be used in medicine. The timber is very
      useful. See {Eucalyptus}.

   {Blue jack}, {Blue stone}, blue vitriol; sulphate of copper.
      

   {Blue jacket}, a man-of war's man; a sailor wearing a naval
      uniform.

   {Blue jaundice}. See under {Jaundice}.

   {Blue laws}, a name first used in the eighteenth century to
      describe certain supposititious laws of extreme rigor
      reported to have been enacted in New Haven; hence, any
      puritanical laws. [U. S.]

   {Blue light}, a composition which burns with a brilliant blue
      flame; -- used in pyrotechnics and as a night signal at
      sea, and in military operations.

   {Blue mantle} (Her.), one of the four pursuivants of the
      English college of arms; -- so called from the color of
      his official robes.

   {Blue mass}, a preparation of mercury from which is formed
      the blue pill. --McElrath.

   {Blue mold}, or mould, the blue fungus ({Aspergillus
      glaucus}) which grows on cheese. --Brande & C.

   {Blue Monday}, a Monday following a Sunday of dissipation, or
      itself given to dissipation (as the Monday before Lent).
      

   {Blue ointment} (Med.), mercurial ointment.

   {Blue Peter} (British Marine), a blue flag with a white
      square in the center, used as a signal for sailing, to
      recall boats, etc. It is a corruption of blue repeater,
      one of the British signal flags.

   {Blue pill}. (Med.)
      (a) A pill of prepared mercury, used as an aperient, etc.
      (b) Blue mass.

   {Blue ribbon}.
      (a) The ribbon worn by members of the order of the Garter;
          -- hence, a member of that order.
      (b) Anything the attainment of which is an object of great
          ambition; a distinction; a prize. ``These
          [scholarships] were the --blue ribbon of the
          college.'' --Farrar.
      (c) The distinctive badge of certain temperance or total
          abstinence organizations, as of the --Blue ribbon
          Army.

   {Blue ruin}, utter ruin; also, gin. [Eng. Slang] --Carlyle.

   {Blue spar} (Min.), azure spar; lazulite. See {Lazulite}.

   {Blue thrush} (Zo["o]l.), a European and Asiatic thrush
      ({Petrocossyphus cyaneas}).

   {Blue verditer}. See {Verditer}.

   {Blue vitriol} (Chem.), sulphate of copper, a violet blue
      crystallized salt, used in electric batteries, calico
      printing, etc.

   {Blue water}, the open ocean.

   {To look blue}, to look disheartened or dejected.

   {True blue}, genuine and thorough; not modified, nor mixed;
      not spurious; specifically, of uncompromising
      Presbyterianism, blue being the color adopted by the
      Covenanters.