资料来源 : Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)

Ball \Ball\ (b[add]l), n. [OE. bal, balle; akin to OHG. balla,
   palla, G. ball, Icel. b["o]llr, ball; cf. F. balle. Cf. 1st
   {Bale}, n., {Pallmall}.]
   1. Any round or roundish body or mass; a sphere or globe; as,
      a ball of twine; a ball of snow.

   2. A spherical body of any substance or size used to play
      with, as by throwing, knocking, kicking, etc.

   3. A general name for games in which a ball is thrown,
      kicked, or knocked. See {Baseball}, and {Football}.

   4. Any solid spherical, cylindrical, or conical projectile of
      lead or iron, to be discharged from a firearm; as, a
      cannon ball; a rifle ball; -- often used collectively; as,
      powder and ball. Spherical balls for the smaller firearms
      are commonly called {bullets}.

   5. (Pyrotechnics & Mil.) A flaming, roundish body shot into
      the air; a case filled with combustibles intended to burst
      and give light or set fire, or to produce smoke or stench;
      as, a fire ball; a stink ball.

   6. (Print.) A leather-covered cushion, fastened to a handle
      called a ballstock; -- formerly used by printers for
      inking the form, but now superseded by the roller.

   7. A roundish protuberant portion of some part of the body;
      as, the ball of the thumb; the ball of the foot.

   8. (Far.) A large pill, a form in which medicine is commonly
      given to horses; a bolus. --White.

   9. The globe or earth. --Pope.

            Move round the dark terrestrial ball. --Addison.

   {Ball and socket joint}, a joint in which a ball moves within
      a socket, so as to admit of motion in every direction
      within certain limits.

   {Ball bearings}, a mechanical device for lessening the
      friction of axle bearings by means of small loose metal
      balls.

   {Ball cartridge}, a cartridge containing a ball, as
      distinguished from a blank cartridge, containing only
      powder.

   {Ball cock}, a faucet or valve which is opened or closed by
      the fall or rise of a ball floating in water at the end of
      a lever.

   {Ball gudgeon}, a pivot of a spherical form, which permits
      lateral deflection of the arbor or shaft, while retaining
      the pivot in its socket. --Knight.

   {Ball lever}, the lever used in a ball cock.

   {Ball of the eye}, the eye itself, as distinguished from its
      lids and socket; -- formerly, the pupil of the eye.

   {Ball valve} (Mach.), a contrivance by which a ball, placed
      in a circular cup with a hole in its bottom, operates as a
      valve.

   {Ball vein} (Mining), a sort of iron ore, found in loose
      masses of a globular form, containing sparkling particles.
      

   {Three balls}, or {Three golden balls}, a pawnbroker's sign
      or shop.

   Syn: See {Globe}.

Gudgeon \Gud"geon\, n. [OE. gojon, F. goujon, from L. gobio, or
   gob, Gr. ? Cf. {1st Goby}. ]
   1. (Zo["o]l.) A small European freshwater fish ({Gobio
      fluviatilis}), allied to the carp. It is easily caught and
      often used for food and for bait. In America the
      killifishes or minnows are often called {gudgeons.}

   2. What may be got without skill or merit.

            Fish not, with this melancholy bait, For this fool
            gudgeon, this opinion.                --Shak.

   3. A person easily duped or cheated. --Swift.

   4. (Mach.) The pin of iron fastened in the end of a wooden
      shaft or axle, on which it turns; formerly, any journal,
      or pivot, or bearing, as the pintle and eye of a hinge,
      but esp. the end journal of a horizontal.

   6. (Naut.) A metal eye or socket attached to the sternpost to
      receive the pintle of the rudder.

   {Ball gudgeon}. See under {Ball}.