资料来源 : Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)

Azimuth \Az"i*muth\, n. [OE. azimut, F. azimut, fr. Ar.
   as-sum?t, pl. of as-samt a way, or perh., a point of the
   horizon and a circle extending to it from the zenith, as
   being the Arabic article: cf. It. azzimutto, Pg. azimuth, and
   Ar. samt-al-r[=a]'s the vertex of the heaven. Cf. {Zenith}.]
   (Astron. & Geodesy)
      (a) The quadrant of an azimuth circle.
      (b) An arc of the horizon intercepted between the meridian
          of the place and a vertical circle passing through the
          center of any object; as, the azimuth of a star; the
          azimuth or bearing of a line surveying.

   Note: In trigonometrical surveying, it is customary to reckon
         the azimuth of a line from the south point of the
         horizon around by the west from 0[deg] to 360[deg].

   {Azimuth circle}, or {Vertical circle}, one of the great
      circles of the sphere intersecting each other in the
      zenith and nadir, and cutting the horizon at right angles.
      --Hutton.

   {Azimuth compass}, a compass resembling the mariner's
      compass, but having the card divided into degrees instead
      of rhumbs, and having vertical sights; used for taking the
      magnetic azimuth of a heavenly body, in order to find, by
      comparison with the true azimuth, the variation of the
      needle.

   {Azimuth dial}, a dial whose stile or gnomon is at right
      angles to the plane of the horizon. --Hutton.

   {Magnetic azimuth}, an arc of the horizon, intercepted
      between the vertical circle passing through any object and
      the magnetic meridian. This is found by observing the
      object with an azimuth compass.



   4. Extent; reach; sweep; capacity; sphere; as, the compass of
      his eye; the compass of imagination.

            The compass of his argument.          --Wordsworth.

   5. Moderate bounds, limits of truth; moderation; due limits;
      -- used with within.

            In two hundred years before (I speak within
            compass), no such commission had been executed.
                                                  --Sir J.
                                                  Davies.

   6. (Mus.) The range of notes, or tones, within the capacity
      of a voice or instrument.

            You would sound me from my lowest note to the top of
            my compass.                           --Shak.

   7. An instrument for determining directions upon the earth's
      surface by means of a magnetized bar or needle turning
      freely upon a pivot and pointing in a northerly and
      southerly direction.

            He that first discovered the use of the compass did
            more for the supplying and increase of useful
            commodities than those who built workhouses.
                                                  --Locke.

   8. A pair of compasses. [R.] See {Compasses.}.

            To fix one foot of their compass wherever they
            please.                               --Swift.

   9. A circle; a continent. [Obs.]

            The tryne compas [the threefold world containing
            earth, sea, and heaven. --Skeat.]     --Chaucer.

   {Azimuth compass}. See under {Azimuth}.

   {Beam compass}. See under {Beam}.

   {Compass card}, the circular card attached to the needles of
      a mariner's compass, on which are marked the thirty-two
      points or rhumbs.

   {Compass dial}, a small pocket compass fitted with a sundial
      to tell the hour of the day.

   {Compass plane} (Carp.), a plane, convex in the direction of
      its length on the under side, for smoothing the concave
      faces of curved woodwork.

   {Compass plant}, {Compass flower} (Bot.), a plant of the
      American prairies ({Silphium laciniatum}), not unlike a
      small sunflower; rosinweed. Its lower and root leaves are
      vertical, and on the prairies are disposed to present
      their edges north and south.

            Its leaves are turned to the north as true as the
            magnet: This is the compass flower.   --Longefellow.

   {Compass saw}, a saw with a narrow blade, which will cut in a
      curve; -- called also {fret saw} and {keyhole saw}.

   {Compass timber} (Shipbuilding), curved or crooked timber.

   {Compass window} (Arch.), a circular bay window or oriel
      window.

   {Mariner's compass}, a kind of compass used in navigation. It
      has two or more magnetic needles permanently attached to a
      card, which moves freely upon a pivot, and is read with
      reference to a mark on the box representing the ship's
      head. The card is divided into thirty-two points, called
      also rhumbs, and the glass-covered box or bowl containing
      it is suspended in gimbals within the binnacle, in order
      to preserve its horizontal position.

   {Surveyor's compass}, an instrument used in surveying for
      measuring horizontal angles. See {Circumferentor}.

   {Variation compass}, a compass of delicate construction, used
      in observations on the variations of the needle.

   {To fetch a compass}, to make a circuit.