资料来源 : pyDict

底冰

资料来源 : Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)

Anchor \An"chor\ ([a^][ng]"k[~e]r), n. [OE. anker, AS. ancor,
   oncer, L. ancora, sometimes spelt anchora, fr. Gr. 'a`gkyra,
   akin to E. angle: cf. F. ancre. See {Angle}, n.]
   1. A iron instrument which is attached to a ship by a cable
      (rope or chain), and which, being cast overboard, lays
      hold of the earth by a fluke or hook and thus retains the
      ship in a particular station.

   Note: The common anchor consists of a straight bar called a
         shank, having at one end a transverse bar called a
         stock, above which is a ring for the cable, and at the
         other end the crown, from which branch out two or more
         arms with flukes, forming with the shank a suitable
         angle to enter the ground.

   Note: Formerly the largest and strongest anchor was the sheet
         anchor (hence, Fig., best hope or last refuge), called
         also {waist anchor}. Now the bower and the sheet anchor
         are usually alike. Then came the best bower and the
         small bower (so called from being carried on the bows).
         The stream anchor is one fourth the weight of the bower
         anchor. Kedges or kedge anchors are light anchors used
         in warping.

   2. Any instrument or contrivance serving a purpose like that
      of a ship's anchor, as an arrangement of timber to hold a
      dam fast; a contrivance to hold the end of a bridge cable,
      or other similar part; a contrivance used by founders to
      hold the core of a mold in place.

   3. Fig.: That which gives stability or security; that on
      which we place dependence for safety.

            Which hope we have as an anchor of the soul. --Heb.
                                                  vi. 19.

   4. (Her.) An emblem of hope.

   5. (Arch.)
      (a) A metal tie holding adjoining parts of a building
          together.
      (b) Carved work, somewhat resembling an anchor or
          arrowhead; -- a part of the ornaments of certain
          moldings. It is seen in the echinus, or egg-and-anchor
          (called also {egg-and-dart}, {egg-and-tongue})
          ornament.

   6. (Zo["o]l.) One of the anchor-shaped spicules of certain
      sponges; also, one of the calcareous spinules of certain
      Holothurians, as in species of {Synapta}.

   {Anchor ice}. See under {Ice}.

   {Anchor ring}. (Math.) Same as {Annulus}, 2 (b).

   {Anchor stock} (Naut.), the crossbar at the top of the shank
      at right angles to the arms.

   {The anchor comes home}, when it drags over the bottom as the
      ship drifts.

   {Foul anchor}, the anchor when it hooks, or is entangled
      with, another anchor, or with a cable or wreck, or when
      the slack cable entangled.

   {The anchor is acockbill}, when it is suspended
      perpendicularly from the cathead, ready to be let go.

   {The anchor is apeak}, when the cable is drawn in do tight as
      to bring to ship directly over it.

   {The anchor is atrip}, or {aweigh}, when it is lifted out of
      the ground.

   {The anchor is awash}, when it is hove up to the surface of
      the water.

   {At anchor}, anchored.

   {To back an anchor}, to increase the holding power by laying
      down a small anchor ahead of that by which the ship rides,
      with the cable fastened to the crown of the latter to
      prevent its coming home.

   {To cast anchor}, to drop or let go an anchor to keep a ship
      at rest.

   {To cat the anchor}, to hoist the anchor to the cathead and
      pass the ring-stopper.

   {To fish the anchor}, to hoist the flukes to their resting
      place (called the bill-boards), and pass the shank
      painter.

   {To weigh anchor}, to heave or raise the anchor so as to sail
      away.

Ice \Ice\ ([imac]s), n. [OE. is, iis, AS. [=i]s; aksin to D.
   ijs, G. eis, OHG. [=i]s, Icel. [=i]ss, Sw. is, Dan. iis, and
   perh. to E. iron.]
   1. Water or other fluid frozen or reduced to the solid state
      by cold; frozen water. It is a white or transparent
      colorless substance, crystalline, brittle, and viscoidal.
      Its specific gravity (0.92, that of water at 4[deg] C.
      being 1.0) being less than that of water, ice floats.

   Note: Water freezes at 32[deg] F. or 0[deg] Cent., and ice
         melts at the same temperature. Ice owes its cooling
         properties to the large amount of heat required to melt
         it.

   2. Concreted sugar. --Johnson.

   3. Water, cream, custard, etc., sweetened, flavored, and
      artificially frozen.

   4. Any substance having the appearance of ice; as, camphor
      ice.

   {Anchor ice}, ice which sometimes forms about stones and
      other objects at the bottom of running or other water, and
      is thus attached or anchored to the ground.

   {Bay ice}, ice formed in bays, fiords, etc., often in
      extensive fields which drift out to sea.

   {Ground ice}, anchor ice.

   {Ice age} (Geol.), the glacial epoch or period. See under
      {Glacial}.

   {Ice anchor} (Naut.), a grapnel for mooring a vessel to a
      field of ice. --Kane.

   {Ice blink} [Dan. iisblink], a streak of whiteness of the
      horizon, caused by the reflection of light from ice not
      yet in sight.

   {Ice boat}.
      (a) A boat fitted with skates or runners, and propelled on
          ice by sails; an ice yacht.
      (b) A strong steamboat for breaking a channel through ice.
          

   {Ice box} or {chest}, a box for holding ice; a box in which
      things are kept cool by means of ice; a refrigerator.

   {Ice brook}, a brook or stream as cold as ice. [Poetic]
      --Shak.

   {Ice cream} [for iced cream], cream, milk, or custard,
      sweetened, flavored, and frozen.

   {Ice field}, an extensive sheet of ice.

   {Ice float}, {Ice floe}, a sheet of floating ice similar to
      an ice field, but smaller.

   {Ice foot}, shore ice in Arctic regions; an ice belt. --Kane.

   {Ice house}, a close-covered pit or building for storing ice.
      

   {Ice machine} (Physics), a machine for making ice
      artificially, as by the production of a low temperature
      through the sudden expansion of a gas or vapor, or the
      rapid evaporation of a volatile liquid.

   {Ice master}. See {Ice pilot} (below).

   {Ice pack}, an irregular mass of broken and drifting ice.

   {Ice paper}, a transparent film of gelatin for copying or
      reproducing; papier glac['e].

   {Ice petrel} (Zo["o]l.), a shearwater ({Puffinus gelidus}) of
      the Antarctic seas, abundant among floating ice.

   {Ice pick}, a sharp instrument for breaking ice into small
      pieces.

   {Ice pilot}, a pilot who has charge of a vessel where the
      course is obstructed by ice, as in polar seas; -- called
      also {ice master}.

   {Ice pitcher}, a pitcher adapted for ice water.

   {Ice plow}, a large tool for grooving and cutting ice.