资料来源 : Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)

Reed \Reed\, n. [AS. hre['o]d; akin to D. riet, G. riet, ried,
   OHG. kriot, riot.]
   1. (Bot.) A name given to many tall and coarse grasses or
      grasslike plants, and their slender, often jointed, stems,
      such as the various kinds of bamboo, and especially the
      common reed of Europe and North America ({Phragmites
      communis}).

   2. A musical instrument made of the hollow joint of some
      plant; a rustic or pastoral pipe.

            Arcadian pipe, the pastoral reed Of Hermes.
                                                  --Milton.

   3. An arrow, as made of a reed. --Prior.

   4. Straw prepared for thatching a roof. [Prov. Eng.]

   5. (Mus.)
      (a) A small piece of cane or wood attached to the
          mouthpiece of certain instruments, and set in
          vibration by the breath. In the clarinet it is a
          single fiat reed; in the oboe and bassoon it is
          double, forming a compressed tube.
      (b) One of the thin pieces of metal, the vibration of
          which produce the tones of a melodeon, accordeon,
          harmonium, or seraphine; also attached to certain sets
          or registers of pipes in an organ.

   6. (Weaving) A frame having parallel flat stripe of metal or
      reed, between which the warp threads pass, set in the
      swinging lathe or batten of a loom for beating up the
      weft; a sley. See {Batten}.

   7. (Mining) A tube containing the train of powder for
      igniting the charge in blasting.

   8. (Arch.) Same as {Reeding}.

   {Egyptian reed} (Bot.), the papyrus.

   {Free reed} (Mus.), a reed whose edges do not overlap the
      wind passage, -- used in the harmonium, concertina, etc.
      It is distinguished from the beating or striking reed of
      the organ and clarinet.

   {Meadow reed grass} (Bot.), the {Glyceria aquatica}, a tall
      grass found in wet places.

   {Reed babbler}. See {Reedbird}.

   {Reed bunting} (Zo["o]l.) A European sparrow ({Emberiza
      sch[oe]niclus}) which frequents marshy places; -- called
      also {reed sparrow}, {ring bunting}.
      (b) Reedling.

   {Reed canary grass} (Bot.), a tall wild grass ({Phalaris
      arundinacea}).

   {Reed grass}. (Bot.)
      (a) The common reed. See {Reed}, 1.
      (b) A plant of the genus {Sparganium}; bur reed. See under
          {Bur}.

   {Reed organ} (Mus.), an organ in which the wind acts on a set
      of free reeds, as the harmonium, melodeon, concertina,
      etc.

   {Reed pipe} (Mus.), a pipe of an organ furnished with a reed.
      

   {Reed sparrow}. (Zo["o]l.) See {Reed bunting}, above.

   {Reed stop} (Mus.), a set of pipes in an organ furnished with
      reeds.

   {Reed warbler}. (Zo["o]l.)
      (a) A small European warbler ({Acrocephalus streperus});
          -- called also {reed wren}.
      (b) Any one of several species of Indian and Australian
          warblers of the genera {Acrocephalus}, {Calamoherpe},
          and {Arundinax}. They are excellent singers.

   {Sea-sand reed} (Bot.), a kind of coarse grass ({Ammophila
      arundinacea}). See {Beach grass}, under {Beach}.

   {Wood reed grass} (Bot.), a tall, elegant grass ({Cinna
      arundinacea}), common in moist woods.

Beach \Beach\ (b[=e]ch), n.; pl. {Beaches} (-[e^]z). [Cf. Sw.
   backe hill, Dan. bakke, Icel. bakki hill, bank. Cf. {Bank}.]
   1. Pebbles, collectively; shingle.

   2. The shore of the sea, or of a lake, which is washed by the
      waves; especially, a sandy or pebbly shore; the strand.

   {Beach flea} (Zo["o]l.), the common name of many species of
      amphipod Crustacea, of the family {Orchestid[ae]}, living
      on the sea beaches, and leaping like fleas.

   {Beach grass} (Bot.), a coarse grass ({Ammophila
      arundinacea}), growing on the sandy shores of lakes and
      seas, which, by its interlaced running rootstocks, binds
      the sand together, and resists the encroachment of the
      waves.

   {Beach wagon}, a light open wagon with two or more seats.

   {Raised beach}, an accumulation of water-worn stones, gravel,
      sand, and other shore deposits, above the present level of
      wave action, whether actually raised by elevation of the
      coast, as in Norway, or left by the receding waters, as in
      many lake and river regions.

Matweed \Mat"weed`\, n. (Bot.)
   A name of several maritime grasses, as the sea sand-reed
   ({Ammophila arundinacea}) which is used in Holland to bind
   the sand of the seacoast dikes (see {Beach grass}, under
   {Beach}); also, the {Lygeum Spartum}, a Mediterranean grass
   of similar habit.

Marram \Mar"ram\, n. (Bot.)
   A coarse grass found on sandy beaches ({Ammophila
   arundinacea}). See {Beach grass}, under {Beach}.